4683例荨麻疹患者的过敏原检测结果分析

Analysis of allergen detection results in 4683 patients with urticaria

目的探讨荨麻疹患者过敏原来源及其分布情况,为临床预防诊治提供实验依据。方法采用德国Allergy-Screen过敏原检测系统定量免疫印迹法检测4683例荨麻疹患者血清过敏原物质,统计其不同月份的发病情况及主要过敏原物质在不同年龄群体中的分布并进行比较分析。结果荨麻疹患者的发病及IgE阳性分布以夏秋季节为主,随着过敏原物质阳性数量的增加,荨麻疹患者比例逐渐下降。所有患者中阳性率位列前3位的过敏原物质为尘螨(25.65%)、点青霉(7.79%)、牛奶(5.51%),且分布的群体主要为1岁~40岁的婴幼儿和中青年人群。结论荨麻疹患者以夏秋发病为主,主要过敏原物质为尘螨、点青霉和牛奶,主要敏感人群为婴幼儿和中青年人群。

Objective To investigate the source and distribution of allergens in patients with urticaria,and provide experimental evidence for clinical prevention,diagnosis and treatment.Methods The German Allergy-Screen allergen detection system was used to detect serum allergens in 4683 patients with urticaria by quantitative immunoblotting.The incidence of the disease in different months and the distribution of major allergens in different age groups were counted and compared and analyzed.Results The incidence and IgE-positive distribution of urticaria patients were mainly in summer and autumn.As the number of allergen-positive substances increased,the proportion of urticaria patients gradually decreased.The top three allergens with positive rate among all patients are dust mites(25.65%),penicillium(7.79%),milk(5.51%),and the distribution groups are mainly infants and young children aged 1-40 years old and young and middle-aged people.Conclusion Urticaria patients are mainly affected in summer and autumn.The main allergens are dust mites,penicillium and milk.The main sensitive groups are infants and young people.