大学生学习参与特点变化的实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Changes of Undergraduates’ Learning Engagement Characteristics

"心智""美德"导向下的学习参与模式深入地刻画了东西方学生学习参与行为的特点,但是随着世界文化交流的推进,这种基于社会文化所形成的学习特征呈现出融合的趋势。文章基于实证研究发现,当代中国大学生学习参与行为可以被划分为五种类型,即全面参与型、独立学习型、人际友好型、消极游离型和心智参与型。其中,独立学习型和心智参与型是"心智""美德"导向下学习参与模式的衍变和融合。根据方差分析和回归分析发现,促进东西方文化优势的融合,培养既保有中国传统文化中勤奋刻苦、谦让包容的特质,又吸收西方文明中独立探索、求知善思优势的全面参与型学习者是高等教育未来发展的关键。

Mind-oriented and virtue-oriented model deeply depicts the characteristics of undergraduates’ learning engagement in the eastern and western worlds. Such kinds of learning engagement have changed with the advancement of world’s cultural exchanges. Based on empirical research, this paper finds that the undergraduates’ performance can be divided into five types. Among them, independent-learning and mind-oriented engagement are evolution and fusion of mind-oriented and virtue-oriented models. According to the analysis of variance and regression, it is the key for future development of global higher education to cultivating undergraduates who both have the advantages of Chinese culture of hard-working and humility and western culture of independent exploration and knowledge-seeking.