国难教育、社会创伤记忆与国家形象建构——爱国主义教育视域下日本侵华史料研究的逻辑理路

National Calamity Education,Social Traumatic Memory and National Image Construction--Logical Route of Research on Historical Materials of Japanese Aggression Against China Based on the Patriotic Education

中国人民抗日战争胜利76年来,日本侵华史料收集与整理一直是教育研究、历史研究等领域的重要研究课题。基于爱国主义教育视域,国难教育、社会创伤记忆与国家形象建构,已成为日本侵华史料研究的基本逻辑理路。日本侵华史料是映射日本侵华史实的一面镜子,是作为爱国主义教育重要组成部分的国难教育的客观素材,是推进日本侵华社会创伤记忆公共建构的有力资源,是进行国家形象建构的重要内容载体。在中华民族历史上最黑暗的时刻,中国共产党积极组织广大民众奋起抗日,广泛开展国耻国难教育。教育家陶行知先生率先提出“国难教育”,成立国难教育社开展战时教育运动。抗日战争胜利后,日本侵华社会创伤记忆的公共建构成为国难教育在和平年代爱国主义教育的拓展与延伸。进入新时代,面对世界百年未有之大变局,实现中华民族伟大复兴“中国梦”,国家形象建构作为日本侵华史料研究的基本学术立场,充分体现了对历史的尊重与敬畏及对和平的向往与追求。

Over the past 76 years after the victory of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,the educational research and historical research fields have always focused on the collection and collation of the historical materials of Japanese aggression against China as important topics.From the perspective of patriotic education,national calamity education,social trauma memory and national image construction have become the basic logic route of research on the historical materials of Japanese aggression against China.The historical materials are a mirror reflecting the historical facts.It is not only the objective material of national calamity education,which is an important part of patriotic education,but also the powerful resource to promote the public construction of traumatic memories of Japanese aggression against China,and the important content carrier of national image construction.At the darkest moment in Chinese history,the Communist Party of China actively organized the masses to rise up against Japanese invader and extensively carried out education on national humiliation and calamity.The reputable Educator,Tao Xingzhi,put forward the“national calamity education”,and established the National Calamity Education Association to carry out the wartime education campaign.After the victory of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,the public construction of social traumatic memory of Japanese aggression against China expands and extends the national calamity education concerning the patriotism in the era of peace.In the face of the great change unseen in a century and the“Chinese dream”of nation's revival,the construction of national image shall be regarded as the basic academic standpoint for the research on the historical materials of Japanese aggression against China,and fully reflect the respect and reverence to history and the yearning and pursuit for peace.