功利教育的“脆弱”与人性培养的“治疗”——玛莎·C.努斯鲍姆大学通识教育思想研究

“Fragility”of Utilitarian Education and“Treatment”of Human Nature Cultivation--Research on Martha.C.Nussbaum's Reform Thoughts of University Liberal Education

玛莎·C.努斯鲍姆以政治哲学家的视角和公共知识分子的责任对美国的功利教育展开批判,创造性地提出培养具有全球意识的“世界公民”教育的“人类发展模式”;面对功利教育的弊端,建构了培养人性的大学通识教育变革的能力“治疗”进路;为实现教育对寻求有尊严的生活的正义进路,发出大学通识教育的变革呐喊:以尊重他者和学习非西方文化的人文策略,来尊重每一个学生身上的理性分析和道德判断能力,从而培养学生独立的思考能力、活跃的想象力和对他人苦难处境的理解感受力。

Martha.C.Nussbaum criticized American utilitarian education from the angle of a political philosophy and the duty of a public intellectual,and she creatively proposed to carry out the model of human developing to cultivate the“world citizen”with global concept;facing the disadvantages of utilitarian education,constructed the ability treatment approaches of university liberal education through cultivating human nature;in order to realize the just approach of education to pursue a dignified life,she issued the appeal for change of liberal education in universities:throng the humanistic strategy of respecting others and learning non-western culture,respecting each student's ability of rational analysis,moral judgment,thinking and moral choices,so as to cultivate students independent thinking ability,vivid imagination and sensitivity to the suffering of others.