建党百年来我国师范专业优质生源吸引政策研究

Research on the Attractive Policy of Quality Students for Teachers Specialty in China since the Founding of the Party

建党百年来,我国在吸引优质生源报考师范专业的政策设计上,经历了探索发展期、曲折发展期、蓬勃发展期、转型发展期和创新发展期五个发展阶段。总体来看,吸引政策主要从收费、就业和招生方式三个方面进行设计,发展过程呈现三个特点:收费方面,实行从免费教育制度到全面收费制度再到免费与收费相结合的制度设计;就业方面,实行从统分统配到自主择业再到统分统配与自主择业相结合的制度设计;招生政策方面,招生方式从单一化向多样化转变。面向新时代,国家提出师范专业生源质量改善行动,师范专业对生源的吸引力会不断增强、招生方式会更趋多样化,师范专业自身硬实力是提高生源质量的重要保障。

A century since the founding of the Communist Party of China,the policy design of attracting high-quality students to apply for the normal major has gone through five stages:exploration development period,tortuous development period,vigorous development period,transformation development period and innovation development period.Generally speaking,the attraction policy is mainly designed from three aspects:fees,employment and enrollment methods,and the development process presents three characteristics:economically,the implementation of a system design from a free education system to a comprehensive fee system to a combination of free and fee;In terms of employment,the system design from unified distribution to independent job selection to the combination of unified distribution and independent job selection is implemented;in terms of enrollment policy,the way of enrollment changes from simplification to diversification.Facing the new era,the state proposes an action to improve the quality of students in teacher training programs.The attractiveness of teachers programs to students will continue to increase,and the ways of enrolling students will become more diversified.The hard power of teacher programs is an important guarantee for improving the quality of students.