预载荷对纤维复合材料低速冲击性能影响研究

Effect of Preloading on the Low Speed Impact Resistance for Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Resin Composite Laminates

针对施加预载荷的碳纤维增强复合材料层合板低速冲击行为建立了一种可施加预载荷的复合材料层合板低速冲击模型,并进行了有限元分析。首先,通过对比无预应力低速冲击仿真结果与试验结果,验证模型的合理性;其次,利用模型模拟了6组不同预载荷情况下相同冲击能量的低速冲击过程。对比结果显示,预载荷加重了层合板的损伤程度,而相同大小的拉伸、压缩预载荷状态下的层合板低速冲击力学行为无明显差别,但是拉伸预载荷造成的层合板损伤比压缩预载荷较为严重。通过数值模拟的方法研究预载荷对复合材料低速冲击的影响,为飞机结构复合材料实际工况下的抗冲击性能提供基础数据参考,对飞机结构设计优化具有重要的工程应用价值。

Aiming at the low-velocity impact behavior of the preloaded carbon fiber reinforced composite laminates, a low-velocity impact model of the preloaded composite laminates was established, and finite element analysis is carried out. First, by comparing the simulation results of non-prestressed low-velocity impact with the test results, the rationality of the model was verified;secondly, the model was used to simulate the low-velocity impact process with the same impact energy under 6 groups of different preload conditions. The comparison results show that the preload aggravated the damage degree of the laminate, while the low-velocity impact mechanical behavior of the laminate under the same size of tension and compression preload state has no significant difference, but the damage of the laminate caused by the tension preload is more than that of the compression preload. The numerical simulation method is used to study the influence of preload on low-velocity impact of composite materials, which provides basic data reference for the impact resistance of aircraft structure composite materials under actual working conditions, and has important engineering application value for aircraft structure design optimization.