福建省屏南县斯氏狸殖吸虫第二中间宿主及其囊蚴携带状况调查

Investigation on The Second Intermediate Host of Paragonimus Skrjabini and Its Metacercaria Infection Status in Pingnan County of Fujian Province

目的调查屏南县溪蟹并殖吸虫囊蚴感染情况,为当地预防肺吸虫病提供依据。方法以肺吸虫病例为线索,于2021-04前往患者捕食生溪蟹地福建省屏南县代溪镇天峰村溪坑内采集溪蟹标本,采用GPS对采集地进行定位,考察其孳生环境,并根据溪蟹的形态学特征鉴定蟹种。采用直接捣碎沉淀法检查溪蟹并殖吸虫囊蚴感染情况,并对囊蚴进行形态学鉴定,计算溪蟹的囊蚴感染率与感染度。结果共采集53只溪蟹,经形态学鉴定均为福建华溪蟹。其感染的囊蚴经鉴定均为斯氏狸殖吸虫囊蚴,感染率为67.9%(36/53),阳性蟹平均感染度和蟹组织携带平均囊蚴数分别为11.8个/只(423/36)和20.2个/g(423/20.9)。本次调查所捕获的溪蟹均小于6.0 g,最大仅3.2 g,最小仅0.1 g,但其同样具有很高的感染率与感染度。结论福建屏南县代溪镇天峰村福建华溪蟹斯氏狸殖吸虫囊蚴感染率较高,是福建省新发现的斯氏狸殖吸虫病超高度自然疫源地,需引起警惕。此外,生食或半生食任何大小的溪蟹被感染的风险是一样的。应加强肺吸虫病相关健康教育工作,改变人群不良卫生习惯和生活方式,防止斯氏狸殖吸虫病在局部地区暴发流行。

Objective To investigate the infection of Paragonimus metacercariae of crabs in Pingnan County,and to provide basis for the prevention of paragonimiasis infection in local area.Methods The cases of paragonimiasis were taken as clues,and the specimens of crabs were collected in creek pools in Tianfeng Village,Daixi Town of Pingnan County in Fujian Province in April 2021,where the cases preyed on crabs.The place of collection was located by the GPS(global positioning system)and the breeding environment was investigated.The crab species were identified according to morphological characteristics.The infection of metacercariae of Paragonimus was detected by direct smashing precipitation method,and the morphology of metacercariae was identified.The infection rate and infection degree of metacercariae were calculated.Results A total of 53 crabs were collected and identified as Sinopotamon fujianense by morphology.The infected metacercariae were identified as Pagumogonimus skrjabini metacercariae,and the infection rate was 67.9%(36/53).The average infection degree of the positive crabs and the average number of metacercariae carried by the positive crab tissues was 11.8/crab(423/36)and 20.2/g(423/20.9),respectively.Though the crabs captured in this survey were all less than 6 g,among which the maximum was only 3.2 g and the minimum 0.1 g,the infection rate and infection degree were both high.Conclusion The infection rate of Sinopotamon fujianense,one species of Paragonimus skrjabini,was high in Tianfeng Village,Daixi Town of Pingnan County in Fujian Province,which was a newly discovered natural epidemic foci of Paragonimiasis skrjabini should be paid attention to.In addition,the risk of infection is the same when eat raw or semi-raw crabs of any sizes.Thus,it is necessary to promote the relevant health education and change bad health habits and lifestyle of the population,so as to prevent the outbreak of Paragonimiasis skrjabini in some areas.