睡眠状况与职业紧张交互作用对石油工人高血压患病影响

Effect of interaction between sleep and occupational stress on the prevalence of hypertension in petroleum workers

目的探讨石油工人职业紧张、睡眠时间和睡眠质量间的交互作用对高血压患病的影响。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,选择克拉玛依市6所油田基地的3 040名工人为研究对象,采用中文版《匹兹堡睡眠质量量表》和修订版《职业紧张量表》分别评估其睡眠质量与职业紧张状况。采用二分类Logistic回归分析职业紧张、睡眠时间和睡眠质量交互作用对高血压患病的影响。结果研究对象高血压患病率为15.3%(466/3 040);睡眠时间不足、睡眠质量差、高度职业紧张检出率分别为26.5%、78.3%和19.6%。校正性别、民族、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、工龄、职称、倒班、吸烟、饮酒、体质量指数等混杂因素后,交互作用分析结果显示,睡眠时间正常且睡眠质量差组、睡眠时间不足且睡眠质量差组以及睡眠时间过长且睡眠质量差组人群罹患高血压的风险均高于睡眠时间正常且睡眠质量好组(P值均<0.05);睡眠时间不足且高度职业紧张组人群罹患高血压的风险高于睡眠时间正常且低度职业紧张组(P<0.01),睡眠质量差且高度职业紧张组人群罹患高血压的风险高于睡眠质量好且低度职业紧张组(P<0.05)。结论职业紧张、睡眠时间和睡眠质量三者间的两两交互作用可能增加石油工人罹患高血压的风险。

Objective To explore the influence of the interaction among occupational stress, sleep duration and sleep quality on the prevalence of hypertension in petroleum workers. Methods A total of 3 040 workers from six oil field bases in Karamay City were selected as study subjects by multi-stage random cluster sampling method. The Chinese version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale and the revised version of Occupational Stress Scale were used to evaluate their sleep quality and occupational stress status. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the effect of interaction of occupational stress, sleep duration and sleep quality on hypertension. Results The prevalence of hypertension in the study subjects was 15.3%(466/3 040), and the detection rates of sleep deprivation, poor sleep quality and high occupational stress were 26.5%, 78.3% and 19.6% respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, ethnicity, age, marital status, education level, length of service, professional title, shift work, smoking, alcohol consumption and body mass index, the interaction analysis results showed that the risk of hypertension was higher in the poor sleep quality groups with normal sleep duration, sleep deprivation or longer sleep duration than that in good sleep quality group with normal sleep duration(all P<0.05), respectively. The risk of hypertension was higher in the group with sleep deprivation and high occupational stress than that in the group with normal sleep duration and low occupational stress(P<0.01). In the group with poor sleep quality and high occupational stress the risk of hypertension was higher than that in the group with good sleep quality and low occupational stress(P<0.05). Conclusion The interaction among occupational stress, sleep duration and sleep quality may increase the risk of hypertension in petroleum workers.