甲状腺乳头状癌组织BMP4和Smad4表达与临床病理特征的相关性研究

Correlation between the expressions of BMP4, Smad4 and clinicopathological features in papillary thyroid carcinoma

目的探讨甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)组织中骨形成蛋白4(BMP4)和Smad同源物4(Smad4)表达与其临床病理特征的相关性。方法选取2018年3月至2020年3期间在平顶山市第二人民医院接受治疗且经病理学检查证实的PTC患者80例作为研究对象,收集患者手术过程中切除的癌组织及其癌旁组织,采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)法检测两组织中BMP4 mRNA和Smad4 mRNA表达水平;采用Pearson法分析BMP4 mRNA和Smad4 mRNA表达水平的相关性;采用免疫组化法检测两组织中BMP4蛋白和Smad4蛋白表达情况;并分析PTC癌组织中BMP4蛋白和Smad4蛋白的表达与PTC临床病理特征的关系。结果 PTC癌组织中BMP4和Smad4的mRNA表达水平均低于癌旁组织(均P<0.05)。Pearson法分析显示,PTC癌组织中BMP4 mRNA与Smad4 mRNA的表达呈正相关关系(r=0.660,P<0.05)。BMP4蛋白和Smad4蛋白均定位于细胞浆,胞浆呈黄色或棕黄色染色,免疫组化结果显示,PTC患者癌组织中BMP4蛋白表达阳性率低于癌旁组织(18.8%比97.5%,χ^(2)=101.916,P<0.05);Smad4蛋白表达阳性率也低于癌旁组织(11.3%比93.8%,χ^(2)=109.173,P<0.05)。PTC患者癌组织中BMP4蛋白和Smad4蛋白的表达与肿瘤大小、TNM分期、淋巴结转移、浸润程度以及是否为多发灶有关(P<0.05)。结论 PTC组织中BMP4 mRNA和Smad4 mRNA表达水平均降低,BMP4蛋白和Smad4蛋白的表达与肿瘤大小、TNM分期和淋巴结转移密切相关,可能作为新的治疗靶点。

Objective To investigate the correlation between the expressions of bone morphogenetic protein 4(BMP4) and sma and mad homologue 4(Smad4) and their clinicopathological features in papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC). Methods Eighty patients with PTC confirmed by pathology in the Pingdingshan Second People’s Hospital from March 2018 to March 2020 were selected as the research objects, the cancer tissues and adjacent tissues removed during surgery were collected. The mRNA expression levels of BMP4 and Smad4 were detected by real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR). The correlation between BMP4 and Smad4 mRNA expression levels was analyzed by Pearson method. The expressions of BMP4 and Smad4 protein were detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between the expressions of BMP4 and Smad4 protein and clinicopathological features of PTC was analyzed.Results The mRNA expression levels of BMP4 and Smad4 in PTC tissues were lower than those in adjacent tissues(P<0.05). Pearson analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between expressions of BMP4 mRNA and Smad4 mRNA in PTC cancer(r=0.660, P<0.05). BMP4 and Smad4 protein were localized in cytoplasm, and the cytoplasm was stained yellow or brown yellow. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression positive rate of BMP4 in cancer tissues of PTC patients was lower than that in adjacent tissues(18.8% vs 97.5%, χ^(2)=101.916, P<0.05), and the expression positive rate of Smad4 protein in cancer tissues of PTC patients was also lower than that in adjacent tissues(11.3% vs 93.8%, χ^(2)=109.173, P<0.05). The expressions of BMP4 and Smad4 protein in PTC patients were correlated with the tumor size, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, degree of infiltration and multiple foci(P<0.05). Conclusions The expression levels of BMP4 mRNA and Smad4 mRNA in PTC tissues are decreased, and the expression of BMP4 protein and Smad4 protein are closely related to tumor size, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis, which may be used as new therapeutic targets.