基于眼动特性的隧道中间段光环境参数敏感性分析

A Sensitivity Analysis of Lighting Condition Parameters in the Middle Section of Tunnel Based on Biomass Index

为了解决以往研究缺乏多样本对多因素条件下隧道中间段光环境敏感性感知试验研究的问题,采用正交试验设计。设置16组(4因素、4水平)试验工况,利用DIALux仿真软件建立隧道仿真模型,并基于室内仿真模拟试验平台开展动态行车试验,通过SMI眼动仪对30名试验人员瞳孔直径分别进行3次有效测量,并剔除异常数据。研究了在隧道中间段行车时灯具布置方式、侧壁反光涂料布设高度、侧壁反光涂料颜色及LED光源色温等光环境组成参数对驾驶员瞳孔直径的影响规律。运用极差分析和方差分析相结合的方式分析了各试验参数对瞳孔直径影响程度主次关系和显著性水平,并对室内仿真实验的可靠性进行了验证。结果表明:选取的试验参数均对瞳孔直径都有显著性影响,且影响程度从大到小依次是,灯具的布设方式、LED光源色温、侧壁反光涂料颜色、侧壁反光涂料布设高度。根据本次试验结果选取的较优水平组合为,沿中线布灯,侧壁反光涂料布设高度为2 m,侧壁反光涂料颜色为白色,LED光源色温为4 500 K。

A orthogonal experimental design is adopted to solve the lacking experimental research on light environment sensitivity in the middle section of tunnel under multi-factor conditions.Sixteen groups(4 factors and 4 levels)are set in this study.A model of the tunnel is established by Dialux simulation software.The simulation test is based on an indoor test platform for a dynamic driving test.In this test,three valid measurements of pupil diameter for each of the 30 test subjects are taken by SMI eye tracker,thus eliminating abnormal data.The composition parameters of the light environment are studied during driving in the middle of the tunnel.The effects of lighting arrangement,reflective coating height,reflective coating color,and LED light source color temperature on driver pupil diameter are studied.The relationship between primary and secondary factors is analyzed using the range and variance.The significance of the influences of various parameters on pupil diameter is obtained,which verifies the reliability of the indoor simulation.The results show that the test parameters selected in this study significantly affect the pupil diameter of the drivers.The influence degree is the lamp layout mode,LED light source color temperature,sidewall reflective paint color,and sidewall reflective paint layout height.According to the test results,the lamps are arranged along the centerline.The arrangement height of the sidewall reflective coating is 2 m,and the color of the sidewall reflective coating is white,with the color temperature of the LED light source of 4500 K.