通电螺线管的磁场分布

The Magnetic Field Distribution of Electrified Solenoid

从毕奥-萨伐尔定律出发,通过严谨的数学推导对通电螺线管激发的磁场进行了计算,并利用MATLAB对比了不同长度的通电螺线管磁场分布的异同.在螺线管边缘,磁场的强度迅速增大,达到峰值.随着螺线管长度的增加,在轴线方向的磁场强度显著增大,但不同长度比(螺线管长度与半径的比值)的螺线管内部磁场变化不具有统一的规律.另外,在接近螺线管两端的时候产生“边缘效应”.

Based on Biot-Savart Law,the magnetic field excited by an electrified solenoid is calculated with the rigorous mathematical reasoning.The magnetic field distribution of solenoids with different length are compared with MATLAB.At the edge of the electrified solenoid,the strength of the magnetic field increases rapidly and reaches its peak value.As the length of the solenoid increases,the strength of the magnetic field in the axial direction increases significantly.There is not a uniform law with different length ratio(the ratio of the length to the radius of the electrified solenoid).In addition,there is an“edge effect”near the two ends of the electrified solenoid.