黄河流域生态系统服务权衡协同关系时空异质性

Spatial-temporal heterogeneity of ecosystem services trade-off synergy in the Yellow River Basin

探究流域生态系统服务的权衡协同关系及其尺度效应对合理制定生态环境政策和有效配置环境资源具有至关重要的意义。以黄河流域为研究对象,采用1990、1995、2000、2005、2010、2018年6期数据,采用InVEST和CASA模型评估产水量、碳储量、土壤保持量、生境质量和净初级生产力(NPP)5项生态系统服务,采用Spearman相关性分析黄河流域及其二级流域各项生态系统服务间的权衡关系。结果表明:全流域尺度上产水量与碳储量、生境质量呈权衡关系,其余各项服务间呈协同关系;产水量与碳储量、产水量与生境质量、碳储量与土壤保持量、碳储量与生境质量、碳储量与NPP、土壤保持量与生境质量之间的关系8个二级流域与黄河流域全域均保持一致。产水量与土壤保持量、产水量与NPP、土壤保持量与NPP以及生境质量与NPP的关系在二级流域间出现了差异。各生态系统服务整体表现出了明显的二级流域差异且显示地域规律性。多尺度评估生态系统服务间的权衡协同关系,可为制定黄河流域发展和生态保护双赢政策提供可靠参考。

It is of great significance to explore the trade-off and synergy of ecological services in river basins and their scale effects for rational formulation of eco-environmental policies and effective allocation of environmental resources.Taking the Yellow River Basin as the research object,six periods of data in 1990,1995,2000,2005,2010 and 2018 were used to evaluate five ecological service:water yield,carbon stock,soil conservation,habitat quality and net primary productivity(NPP).Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the trade-off relationship between the five ecological services in the whole basin and the secondary regions.The results show that there is a trade-off relationship between water yield,carbon stock and habitat quality at the whole basin scale,and there is a synergistic relationship among other services.The relationships between water yield and carbon stock,water yield and habitat quality,carbon storage and soil conservation,carbon stock and habitat quality,carbon stock and NPP,soil conservation and habitat quality are consistent with those of the whole Yellow River Basin.However,the relationships between water yield and soil conservation,water yield and NPP,soil conservation and NPP,and habitat quality and NPP are different among watersheds.From the histogram of correlation coefficient,it can be seen that the ecological service as a whole show obvious watershed differences and show the regional laws of upper,middle and lower reaches.Multi-scale evaluation of the tradeoff and synergy between ecological services can provide reliable reference for formulating win-win policies for the development and ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin.