文化传统与时代之间的回响——钱穆儒家心性美育思想研究

Echoes of Cultural Traditions among Times——A Study of Qian Mu's Thoughts on Confucian Aesthetic Education of Mind

学界通常认为中国现代美育思想的建构是在西方美育思想的诱发之下,对中国传统文化的激活与融合。钱穆却是独立于这一趋势之外的学者。钱穆的美育思想是以儒家心性之学应对救亡图存的时代难题的产物。这一独特的美育思想为我国现代美育理论建构提供了另一种思路。钱穆的心性美育思想以塑造理想的人格境界为旨归。这种人格境界本质上是一种天人合一的情感境界。比兴是这种情感境界养成的重要方式。钱穆将美育视为一条通向人生至高理想境界的途径,将民族救亡图存视为美育的重要功能。钱穆的美育思想是一种存在论意义上的美育思想,它可以纠正现代教育过度注重智识而忽视道德修养的不足。

It is a common scholastic belief that the construction of modern Chinese thoughts on aesthetic education is born out of the activation and integration of Chinese traditional culture by Western aesthetic education ideas.Qian Mu did not follow this line of thought.Instead,his ideas were generated as he used Confucian theories on mind and nature to address the problem of saving China from internal and external disasters.Qian'unique aesthetic education perspective,which provides another framework for the development of modern aesthetic education theory in China,takes the cultivation of ideal personality as its guiding principle and refers to,in essence,an emotional state of the unity of man and nature.One important way to attain this emotional state is Bixing.In addition,Qian sees his aesthetic education as a pathway leading to spiritual consummation as well as a major means of salvaging the nation from foreign subjugation.Thus,the existential nature of his theory will help redress the undue focus of modern education on intellect and the consequent neglect of moral cultivation.