骨源性骨钙素跨器官调控的研究进展

Research Progress of Bone-Derived Osteocalcin on Cross-Organ Regulation

骨钙素作为骨形成的特异性生化标志物之一,在血液中存在羧基化、部分羧基化和未羧基化形式。骨钙素对骨组织所处阶段具有监测和调节作用,可用于评价骨形成与骨转换过程;其作为骨骼的分泌蛋白对骨外器官也有影响,参与机体的代谢过程,影响疾病的发生与转归。在神经系统中骨钙素参与神经递质合成,影响记忆功能;在糖脂代谢中影响瘦素、脂联素和胰岛素等,降低肝脏脂肪沉积和肝炎程度,参与2型糖尿病的发生发展和治疗,帮助预防甲状腺骨病。该文查阅国内外文献,归纳总结了骨源性骨钙素通过血清对骨外器官的代谢调控作用,具体阐述了骨钙素在跨器官调控过程中的机制,以及机体在运动(或力学刺激)情况下骨钙素的相关变化。

Osteocalcin is one of the specific biochemical markers of bone formation.It has three forms in the blood,carboxylated,partially carboxylated and uncarboxylated.Osteocalcin also has a great effect of monitoring and regulating on the stages of bone,which can be used to evaluate the process of bone formation and destruction.As a secreted protein of bone,osteocalcin has an influence on organs outside bone.It participates in the metabolic process of body.It impacts the process of diseases,too.In the nervous system,osteocalcin has an effect on neurotransmitter synthesis,which affects memory fuction.In glycolipid metabolism,osteocalcin has an influence on the leptin,adiponectin and insulin,which helps reducing fat deposition in liver.This influence also contributes to the treatment of type 2 diabetes and thyroid bone diseases.In this review,literature domestic and overseas are both involved,discussing the metabolic regulation of bone-derived osteocalcin on extraosseous organs.The mechanisms of osteocalcin in different organs and responses of osteocalcin under exercising (mechanical stimulation) are also described.