“侨民舞蹈”:20世纪初至1956年中国民族舞蹈在马来亚的跨文化传播

“Expatriate Dance”: Early 20th Century to 1956 the Cross-Cultural Communication of Chinese Ethnic Dance in Malaya

中国民族舞蹈在马来西亚的跨文化传播活动历史悠久,在中国民族舞蹈海外跨文化传播活动中具有代表性和典型性,占有重要的历史地位。文章以20世纪初至1956年为例,运用文献资料和田野调查等研究方法,系统梳理此时期中国民族舞蹈在马来亚跨文化传播的历史脉络及重要活动。研究发现,此时期是中国民族舞蹈在马来亚跨文化传播的启蒙阶段,由于早期华侨的"侨民意识"及中国文化认同的影响,中国民族舞蹈在马来亚的跨文化传播以搬演和改编中国民族舞蹈为主,本地化创作极少,呈现"侨民舞蹈"的特点,此时期的舞蹈表演虽以娱兴为主,但却为日后的本地化及专业化发展孕育了条件,奠定了坚实的基础。

Chinese ethnic dance has a long history of cross-cultural communication in Malaysia. It is representative and typical,and occupies an important historical position in the overseas cross-cultural communication activities of Chinese ethnic dance. Taking the period from the early 20th century to 1956 as an example,this paper systematically summarizes the historical context and important activities of cross-cultural communication of Chinese ethnic dance in Malaya during this period by means of literature and field research. It is found that this period was the enlightenment stage of the cross-cultural communication of Chinese ethnic dance in Malaya. Due to the“expatriate consciousness”of the early overseas Chinese and the influence of Chinese cultural identity,the cross-cultural communication of Chinese ethnic dance was mainly constituted by original works and adaptations,while the localized creations were rare,showing the characteristics of “expatriate dance”. Although the dance performances during this period were mainly for entertainment,they laid a solid foundation for the future localized and professional development.