青海省滑坡崩塌泥石流灾害时空分布特征

Temporal and spatial characteristics of landslide,rockfall and debris flow disasters in Qinghai Province during the period

近年来,受全球气候变暖和城市扩张进程中的人类社会经济活动影响,青海省突发性、局地性地质灾害事件频发。为积极应对地质灾害严峻形势,保障人民生活生产安全、巩固防灾减灾成果、提出科学合理的应对措施。文章以1990—2019年青海省滑坡崩塌泥石流灾害为研究对象,通过数理统计,分析研究了30年间青海省滑坡崩塌泥石流灾害发育特征、时空分布规律及主要引发因素。结果表明:①灾害规模多为小型,灾害类型以滑坡为主。②时间上,多发生在5—10月;空间上,主要发生在地形复杂的青东地区西宁市和海东市。③降雨和开挖边坡是主要引发因素。④近年来,滑坡崩塌泥石流灾害增加趋势明显。研究结果对于今后一段时期青海省地质灾害防范工作具有指导和借鉴意义。

In recent years,under the influence of human social and economic activities in the process of global warming and urban expansion,the frequency of sudden and local geological disasters have increased significantly in Qinghai Province.In order to actively respond to the severe situation of geological disasters,guarantee the safety of people's lives and production,consolidate the results of disaster reduction and scientific and reasonable response measures are proposed.This paper takes the landslide and debris flow disasters in Qinghai Province from 1990 to 2019 as the research object.Through mathematical statistics,the development characteristics,temporal and spatial distribution patterns and main triggering factors of landslides and debris flows in Qinghai Province in the past 30 years are analyzed and studied.The results show that:①The scale of disasters is mostly small,and the disaster types are mainly landslides.②In terms of time,it mostly occurred from May to October;in terms of space,it mainly occurred in Xining City and Haidong City in the Qingdong region with complex terrain.③Rainfall and excavation slopes are the main triggers.④In recent years,the increase trend of landslide,rockfall and debris flow disasters is obvious.The results of the research will provide guidance and reference for the geological disaster prevention work in Qinghai Province for a period of time in the future.