2010—2019年南疆致灾暴雨时空分布及其影响

Spatial-temporal distribution and influence of disastrous rainstorm in southern Xinjiang during 2010-2019

基于2010—2019年新疆南疆地区44个国家气象站逐日降水资料、各县洪涝灾情及国民经济数据等资料,分析南疆暴雨及洪涝灾情时空变化特征。结果表明:近10 a暴雨日数总体呈缓慢增加趋势,且2010年出现暴雨日数最多,暴雨日数大值区主要分布在克州及山区,塔里木盆地边缘较少。2010—2019年南疆地区暴雨洪涝灾害发生频次累计402次,主要集中在6月中下旬;喀什暴雨洪涝灾害发生频次最多为106次,占比26.4%,巴州最少仅有40次,占比10.0%。南疆暴雨对各地造成的影响不同,阿克苏受灾人数、农作物受灾面积、直接经济损失、农业经济损失均最多,巴州农业损失占直接经济损失的比例最高达78.9%,和田农业经济损失最少。

Based on daily precipitation data from 44 national meteorological stations and flood disaster and national economic data of each county in the southern Xinjiang,the spatial and temporal characteristics and influence of heavy rainfall and flood disaster in the southern Xinjiang were analyzed.The results show that the heavy rainfall days increased slowly in recent 10 years,with the highest number in 2010.The occurrence frequency of heavy rainfall was higher in Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture and the mountainous areas,and lower in the edge of the Tarim Basin.The disaster of rainstorm and flood happened 402 times in the southern Xinjiang during 2010-2019,and mainly occurred in middle to late June.The highest frequency of heavy rain and flood disaster(106 times)occurred in Kashgar,accounting for 26.4%of the total,the lowest frequency occurred in Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture,with only 40 times,accounting for 10.0%.The impact of heavy rainfall was different in different areas in the southern Xinjiang.The affected population,the affected area of crops,the direct economic loss and the agricultural economic loss were the most in Aksu.The agricultural economic loss accounted for 78.9%in Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture.The agricultural economic loss was the least in Hotan.