基于ENVI-met小学校园室外热舒适度研究——以合肥市为例

Outdoor Thermal Comfort Analysis of Primary School Based on ENVI-met:Taking Hefei as an Example

小学室外空间是学生进行户外活动的重要场所,研究校园室外热舒适度至关重要。以合肥市6类典型空间格局的小学为研究对象,利用ENVI-met软件模拟校园室外空间的微气候及热舒适度,并引入生理等效温度(PET)作为热舒适度的衡量指标。选用800-1900模拟数据,分析各空间样点在典型时间段的室外热舒适度变化情况,并引入Pearson相关性分析,探究微气候因子与室外人体热舒适度的相关性。最后,结合量化分析,从植物营造、建筑布局、铺装材质的选择和活动区域布置4方面提出校园室外空间优化策略,可为小学校园建筑布局规划和景观营造提供依据。

The outdoor space of primary school is an important place for students to conduct outdoor activities.It is very important to study the outdoor thermal comfort of campus.Taking the built elementary school in Hefei urban area as a model reference,it is concluded that the spatial pattern of Hefei elementary school campus can be divided into centralized,determinant and enclosed types,which can be subdivided into 6 sub-categories according to the differences in the combination of each layout and building.Taking the primary schools with 6 typical spatial patterns in Hefei as the research object,the ENVI-met software is used to simulate the microclimate of the campus outdoor space and thermal comfort,and physiologically equivalent temperature(PET)as a measure of thermal comfort is introduced.The data from 800-1900 was selected to analyze the changes in human thermal comfort at different times in each space.Pearson correlation analysis was introduced to explore the correlation between microclimate factors and human thermal comfort.Finally,combined with quantitative analysis and from the perspective of plant construction,building layout and pavement,and the choice of decoration materials,we put forward a strategy for optimizing campus outdoor space in four aspects,which can provide a basis for the architectural layout planning and landscape construction of the primary school campus.