家庭协同防护视角下新冠肺炎疫情初期自我健康赋权的影响因素分析

Analysis of Influencing Factorsof Residents'Self-Health Empowerment at the Beginning of COVID-19 form Family Collaborative Protection Prospective

目的分析疫情初期自我健康赋权对家庭防控水准的影响,为突发公共卫生事件应急防控提供依据。方法选取疫情初期2020年2月7日385名居民的网络调查,了解居民的防护措施、疫情认知,采取固定效应模型分析自我健康赋权对家庭防护的影响。结果居民个人防护行为平均得分7.48,家庭防护平均得分2.69,健康赋权平均得分为8.51;本科/大专(2.79)、小规模家庭(2.78)防护得分较高;健康赋权和个人防护呈弱正相关(r=0.18),与家庭防护不相关。回归结果显示,自我健康赋权对个人防护(β=0.15)有显著影响,而对家庭防护没有影响(β=-0.04),个人防护对家庭防护(β=0.24)有显著影响,同时确诊密接也有明显作用(β=-0.21)。结论自我健康赋权通过影响个体防护进而影响群体性防护,对防护产生效用。制定健康赋权过渡期和成熟期策略,以先学促后学,以家庭为单位,按教育程度为标准评出健康督导人负责家庭健康,满足群体健康服务需要,保证居民的连续性医疗服务。

Objective Residents'insufficient awareness of the new crown pneumonia is an important reason for the large outbreak in Wuhan at the beginning of COVID-19.This study intends to clarify the impact of self-health empowerment on the level of household protection and control at the beginning of the epidemic,so as to provide a basis for emergency prevention and control of public health emergencies.Methods Based on a web-based survey,385 residents were investigated by questionnaire at the beginning of the epidemic to understand residents'protective measures,epidemic perceptions.A fixed effects model was adopted to analyze the impact of self-health empowerment on household protection.Results The mean score of residents'personal protection behavior was 7.48,the mean score of family protection was 2.69,and the mean score of health empowerment was 8.51;the scores of family protection were higher in undergraduate/college(2.79)and small-scale families(2.78);health empowerment and perso-nal protection were weakly positively correlated(R=0.18)and not correlated with family protection;the regression showed that self-health empowerment had a significant effect on personal protection(β=0.15)and no effect on family protection(β=-0.04),while personal protection had a significant effect on family protection(β=0.24)and a signi-ficant effect of confirmed intimacy(β=-0.21).Conclusion Self-health empowerment has a positive effect on protection by influencing individual protection and thus group protection.A strategy for the transition and maturation of health empowerment should be developed to promote learning first and later,and health supervisors are rated as responsible for family health according to their education level to meet the needs of group health services and ensure continuity of health care for residents.