广东省居民传染病健康素养及其影响因素研究

Survey on Health Literacy of Infectious Diseases and Its Influencing Factors in Guangdong Province

目的深入调查当前居民传染病健康素养的现状及其影响因素,为提升居民素养和传染病防治工作提供依据。方法于2020年1—2月,采取便利抽样,利用线上平台和电话访谈的方式共调查255人,问卷内容包括传染病健康知识、健康行为、健康技能。结果调查对象具备传染病健康知识素养、行为素养、技能素养的占比分别为31.76%、56.47%、38.04%,具备传染病健康素养的占比为12.16%;调查对象的社交防护行为得分显著高于个人防护行为得分;男性、居住在乡村、56岁及以上、高中及以下学历人群具备传染病健康知识素养、行为素养、技能素养的占比普遍偏低;女性具备传染病健康素养的比率高于男性,硕士及以上学历的居民具备传染病健康素养的比率高于高中及以下学历居民。结论居民的传染病健康知识和技能素养亟需提升,个人防护行为素养有待加强,低得分人群特别是56岁及以上、高中及以下学历人群应当着重实施健康素养干预。

Objective To investigate the current status of residents'health literacy of infectious diseases and its influencing factors,so as to provide the basis for the improvement of health literacy and the prevention and control of infectious diseases.Methods From January to February 2020,a total of 255 people were investigated by convenience sampling,online platform and telephone interview.The questionnaire content included infectious disease health knowledge,health behavior and health skills.Results The proportion of respondents with infectious disease health knowledge literacy,behavior literacy and skill literacy were 31.76%,56.47%and 38.04%respectively,and the proportion of infectious disease health literacy was 12.16%.The social protection behavior score of the survey object was significantly higher than that of personal protection behavior.The proportion of male,rural residents,56 years old and above,high school and below educational background with infectious disease health literacy was generally low.The proportion of health literacy of infectious diseases among women was higher than that of men,and the proportion of residents with master's degree or above was higher than that of residents with high school or below.Conclusion The residents'health knowledge and skills of infectious diseases need to be improved,and the personal protection behavior literacy needs to be strengthened.The low score people,especially those aged 56 years old and above or with education background of high school and below,should be the target population for the implementation of health literacy intervention.