9612例院前急救患者流行病学分析

Epidemiological Study of 9612 Cases in Pre-Hospital Emergency Cares

目的分析北京老年医院120急救站院前急救患者流行病学特点,为合理配置急救资源提供理论依据。方法回顾北京老年医院2016—2019年院前急救患者病历资料,收集患者性别、年龄、诊断、呼叫时间,采用描述性研究和卡方检验进行统计学分析。结果9612例患者中,男女性别比为1.34∶1,60~79岁患者占比最多(共占30.7%)。5月、10月及4月出诊例数最多(共占26.7%),呼救高峰时段为8∶00~9∶59(占11.6%)。疾病谱前五位疾病为创伤、循环系统疾病、消化系统疾病、神经系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病,前五位疾病在不同性别(χ^(2)=51.93,P<0.05)、年龄段(χ^(2)=1171.53,P<0.05)、月份(χ^(2)=120.59,P<0.05)及时间段(χ^(2)=208.768,P<0.05)分布差异均具有统计学意义。结论所有院前急救患者中,男性占比较多,疾病排序创伤居首位,针对呼叫高峰时间及排名前五疾病的分布的特点,加强院前医护人员相关知识培训合理分配急救资源。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pre-hospital emergency patients in 120 Emergency Station of Beijing Geriatric Hospital,so as to provide a theoretical basis to rationally allocate first aid resources.Methods Medical records of all pre-hospital emergency patients in Beijing Geriatric Hospital were reviewed from 2016 to 2019.Patients'gender,age,diagnosis and call time were collected and analyzed by descriptive study and chi-square test.Results Among the 9612 pre-hospital emergency patients,the ratio of male to female was 1.34∶1,those aged between 60 and 79 years old took the highest proportion,accounting for 30.67%.The months with the largest number of cases were May,October and April,accounting for 26.7%totally.Most calls were made from 8∶00 to 9∶59,accounting for11.6%.The top five diseases in the pre-hospital emergency disease spectrum were trauma,diseases of the circulatory system,diseases of digestive system,diseases of the nervous system and diseases of respiratory system.The top five disease were different among different age groups(χ^(2)=1171.53,P<0.05),gender groups(χ^(2)=51.93,P<0.05),months(χ^(2)=120.59,P<0.05)and times(χ^(2)=208.77,P<0.05).Conclusion There are more men than women in pre-hospital emergency patients.Trauma rank first in the ranking of diseases.According to the peak call time and characteristics of the distribution of the top five diseases,pre-hospital medical personnel training should be strengthened in a targeted way and emergency resources be reasonably allocated.