基因、灌溉和储藏对小麦蛋白质理化特性影响的研究进展

Research Progress on Effects of Genotype,Irrigation and Storage on Physicochemical Properties of Wheat Glutenin Macropolymer

蛋白质理化特性是衡量小麦制品品质的重要指标,其受小麦品种、灌溉条件、籽粒和小麦粉储藏时间及温湿度的显著影响。高分子质量谷蛋白亚基表达量与蛋白质理化特性正相关。灌溉条件显著影响小麦蛋白质理化特性,适当的节水处理有利于蛋白质积累和麦谷蛋白大聚体大颗粒形成。储藏时间和温湿度均显著影响小麦蛋白质理化特性;短期储藏中,储藏时间与麦谷蛋白大聚体理化特性正相关;随储藏时间的延长,麦谷蛋白大聚体含量和面团黏弹性逐渐降低;与低温低湿条件相比,高温高湿条件下小麦各指标在储藏过程中变化幅度大。

The physicochemical properties of proteins were important factors to evaluate the quality of wheat products,which were significantly affected by wheat varieties,irrigation conditions,and storage condition of grain and flour.The content of HMW-GS was positively correlated with the physicochemical properties of wheat protein.Irrigation significantly affected the physicochemical properties of wheat protein.Appropriate water-saving treatment was beneficial to protein accumulation and GMP granule with large diameter formation.The physicochemical properties of wheat protein were significantly affected by storage time,temperature,and humidity.In short-term storage,the storage time was positively correlated with the physicochemical properties of GMP.With the prolonging of storage time,the content of GMP and dough viscoelasticity decreased gradually.Compared with low temperature and low humidity conditions,physicochemical properties of wheat protein could change significantly during storage under high temperature and high humidity conditions.