碳中和的水土保持实现途径和对策

Ways and countermeasures to achieve carbon-neutral in soil and water conservation

为了争取2060年实现碳中和,中国将采取更有力的政策和措施,水土保持是实现碳中和的重要一环。本文介绍国内外相关的研究结果,综述水土流失对生态系统碳源汇的影响,并分析不同水土保持措施的碳减排效果,提出碳中和的水土保持实现途径和对策。为了实现更大程度的减排,需要在水土保持领域寻求新的突破,实行水土保持生态修复与治理碳增汇考核指标,持续挖掘水土保持碳汇增长的潜力,进一步推进重大生态修复治理工程和生态清洁小流域建设,推动生态系统提质增效,增强农业温室气体吸收能力,为负排放贡献源源不断的绿色动力。

[Background]In order to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060,China will adopt stronger policies and measures.Controlling soil erosion and establishing a good ecological environment is not only the demand of ecological civilization construction,but also an important way to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.[Methods]This paper introduces the impact of severe soil erosion on the carbon source and sink of ecosystem,analyzes the carbon emission reduction effect of soil and water conservation engineering measures,forest and grass measures,agricultural measures and ecological clean small watershed management.And puts forward the ways and countermeasures of carbon neutral soil and water conservation.[Results and Conclusions]In order to achieve greater emissions reductions,we need to find new breakthroughs in soil and water conservation.We need to implement the assessment index of soil and water conservation restoration and control of carbon sink increase.Including but not limited to:1)Implement the assessment index of soil and water conservation and restoration and control of carbon sink increase,and scientifically evaluate the contribution of soil and water conservation ecological restoration to carbon peak and carbon neutrality.2)carry out intensive planning and implementation of soil and water conservation and ecological restoration projects,and enhance the carbon sequestration capacity of ecosystems and the carbon sequestration capacity of forests and grasslands.3)Comprehensive implementation of ecological clean small watershed construction,continue to tap the potential of soil and water conservation carbon sink growth.4)Enhance the carbon absorption capacity of agro-ecosystem,combined with comprehensive treatment of mountains,rivers,forests,farmland,lakes and grass,and contribute a steady stream of green power to negative emissions.