农耕文化背景下的“门外”隐喻与传统男性观

The Metaphor of"Outside the Door"and Traditional Masculinity under the Agricultural Culture Background

农耕文化背景下,民俗生活中的“门”可以被视为一种文化象征性资源,儒家话语将“门内”与“门外”两种不同的空间存在分别确立为女性与男性的社会活动空间,形成了“男主外,女主内”的文化权力秩序。这种传统男性“主外”的文化构想发源于男耕女织的社会分工,并得到儒家话语的倡导与强化,不仅为传统男性建构起一套适应“主外”的人格修养路径,又从家国同构的文化逻辑出发赋予了男性更强烈的天下意识与家国情怀,表达出“主外”的国家话语。因此,农耕文化背景下“门外”的隐喻精神与传统社会男性观紧密勾连,深刻影响了民众的社会意识与文化心理,本质上是儒家伦理秩序的映射与表达。

Under the background of farming culture, the "door" in folk life can be regarded as a kind of cultural symbolic resource. Confucian discourse establishes two different spaces, "inside the door" and "outside the door", as the social activity space for women and men respectively, forming a cultural power order of "men dominate the outside and women dominate the inside".This traditional cultural conception of male "dominating the outside world" originated from the social division of labor in which men plow and women weave, It has been advocated and strengthened by Confucian discourse, which not only constructs a set of personality cultivation path for traditional men to adapt to "dominating the outside world", but also endows men with stronger world consciousness and feelings of home and country from the cultural logic of isomorphism of home and country, and expresses the national discourse of "dominating the outside world". Therefore, the metaphorical spirit of "outside the door" under the background of farming culture is closely linked with the traditional social male view, which profoundly affects people’s social consciousness and cultural psychology, and is essentially the mapping and expression of Confucian ethical order.