主动红外热像技术在航空发动机叶片缺陷检测中的研究和应用进展

Research and application of active infrared thermography in aero engine blade defect detection

叶片长期工作在高温、高压、高速的恶劣工况下,极易出现损伤,及时发现并监控服役过程中叶片损伤对保证飞行安全至关重要。主动红外热成像技术是一种新型无损检测方法,具有无接触、高效率、无污染等优点,对材料近表面裂纹和涂层缺陷具有良好的效果。本文统计归纳航空发动机叶片典型缺陷类型和成因,对比主动红外热像技术的代表性激励方式;针对主动红外热像技术在叶片疲劳裂纹和表面涂层缺陷检测中的应用进行了分析,介绍机器学习和图像识别等智能算法在缺陷识别和定量评估方面的应用;总结归纳了主动红外热像技术面临的难题和未来的发展方向。总体而言,该技术在航空发动机叶片缺陷检测领域具有良好的应用前景。

The aircraft blades are subject to damage when constantly exposed to the harsh working conditions of high temperature,high pressure and high speed.The timely detection and monitoring of blade defects in service is essential to ensure flight safety.Active infrared thermography is a promising type of non destructive testing method that has the advantages of non contact,high efficiency,and pollution free,and it has excellent effects on near surface cracks and coating defects of materials.The types and causes of typical defects of aero engine blades are collected,and the representative excitation methods of active infrared thermography are compared.And then,the application of active infrared thermography in the detection of blade fatigue cracks and surface coating defects is analyzed,and the intelligent algorithms including machine learning and image recognition in rapid recognition and quantitative evaluation of defects were introduced.Finally,the problems faced by active infrared thermography and the future development direction are summarized.In general,this technology shows promising applications in the field of aero engine blade defect detection.