《先秦汉魏晋南北朝诗》著录《和项王歌》考

A Study on the Recording of The Song Responding to Xiang Wang in Poems of the Pre-Qin,Han,Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties

总集编纂往往在细微处体现编者的观念。作为先唐诗歌总集的杰出代表,逯钦立先生的《先秦汉魏晋南北朝诗》是探讨总集编纂的重要范本。就虞姬《和项王歌》一诗而言,将逯书与冯惟讷《古诗纪》收录情况进行对比,有四处明显不同,涉及作者名字、诗歌题名、正文校勘、编纂体例等问题。逯书将“虞姬”著录为“美人虞”,将该篇定名为“和项王歌”,以及将该篇置于楚霸王“垓下歌”之后、在文前增添“美人虞”小传等做法颇为得当;而将“贱妾何聊生”改为“贱妾何乐生”则或可商榷,而没有像冯书一样点出五言诗源流,当为憾事。通过分析,可以看出逯钦立先生的用心,也可见总集编纂之困难。

An anthology often reflects in detail the ideas of the editor.Lu Qinli’s Poems of the Pre-Qin,Han,Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties,as an outstanding representative of the collection of poems of the pre-Tang Dynasty,is an important model for us to discuss the compilation of anthologies.In terms of The Song Responding to Xiang Wang by Yu Ji,we can find four obvious differences when compared with Feng Weina’Collection of Ancient Poems,including the author’s name,poem title,text collation,compilation style and so on.We agree with Lu’s description of“Yu Ji”as“Meiren Yu”,naming the work as“The Song Responding to Xiang Wang”,putting the work after the“Song of Gaixia”by Xiang Wang,and adding biography of Meiren Yu before the work.We felt confused about changing the word“Liao”into“Le”,and felt sorry for not pointing out the origin of Wuyan poems as Feng did.Through the analysis,we can see the dedication of Lu Qinli and the difficulty in compiling an anthology.