三种微藻对城市二级出水脱氮除磷作用的研究

Study on the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from municipal secondary effluent by three microalgae

利用污水培养微藻可去除废水中的氮、磷污染物,又可以实现生物质生产的耦合。以城市二级出水做为培养基,选取了小球藻(Chlorella sp.)、栅藻(Scenedesmus sp.)、螺旋藻(Spirulina sp.)为实验藻种,考察3种微藻的生长特性和脱氮除磷的能力。结果表明,所选的藻种在模拟二级出水中都能较好生长,其中栅藻的生物量高于小球藻和螺旋藻,最大生物量分别为0.328 g·L^(-1)、0.264 g·L^(-1)、0.192 g·L^(-1),比生长速率为0.226 d^(-1)、0.213 d^(-1)、0.197 d^(-1)。栅藻的油脂产量达97.35 mg·L^(-1),高于其他两种微藻。3种微藻对模拟二级出水都具有较好的脱氮除磷效能,TP的去除率达到90%以上,TN的去除率达到80%以上。实验结果表明利用3种微藻均可达到对二级出水的深度脱氮除磷和生物质的富集。

Using wastewater to cultivate microalgae can remove nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in wastewater and couple of biomass production.The growth characteristics and the removal ability of nitrogen and phosphorus of by three species of microalgae were studied by using the municipal secondary effluent as the culture medium,and Chlorella sp.,Spirulina sp.and Scenedesmus sp.as the experimental species.The results showed that the selected algae species could grow well in the simulated secondary effluent,and the biomass of Scenedesmu sp.was higher than that of Chlorella sp.and Spirulina sp.,in which the maximum biomass was 0.328 g·L^(-1),0.264 g·L^(-1) and 0.192 g·L^(-1),respectively,with specific growth rates of 0.226 d^(-1),0.213 d^(-1) and 0.197 d^(-1),respectively.The lipid production of Scenedesmus sp.was 97.35 mg·L^(-1),which was higher than that of other two microalgae.These three species of microalgae demonstrated efficient removal of nitrogen and phosphorus for simulated secondary effluent.The removal rate of total phosphorus were more than 90%,and the total nitrogen removal rate reached above 80%.This study implied that the three species of microalgae could achieve advanced removal of nitrogen and phosphorus,and biomass enrichment of secondary effluent.