《国语》编纂的内在理路辨析

An Analysis of the Internal Logic of the Compilation of Guoyu

从表面来看,《国语》编纂看似随意堆积、杂乱无序,其实是有着多重内在逻辑理路的。首先,《国语》八国排序是参照各国政治地位和"尊尊""亲亲"的分封制度综合考量的结果,蕴含了宗周定尊、崇德尚礼的政治理想;其次,各国"语"料均按照事件发生时间先后编排得井井有条,历历有序;第三,以类相从,同一人物或同一事件相关的"语"料编排在一起,开后世史书人物传记或纪事本末体之先河。这为考察《国语》的成书及编者问题提供了一个很有说服力的视角。

Complication of the Guo Yu seems random and tanglesome superficially, but the truth is that it has multiple inner logical levels. First, the ranking of the eight countries was based on the political status of each country and enfeoffment system, which was influenced by the Zhou Dynasty’s ritual(Qin Qin, Zun Zun). It contains the political ideal ofthe state and the head of state, advocating morality and the rule of law.Secondly, the materials of each country are arranged in an orderly manner according to the time sequence of events.Third, things of one kind come together. For example, it arranges together materials related to the same person or event, which opens the way for biographies or narrative works of later history books. This provides a convincing perspective for the study of the compilation and editor of Guoyu.