徐州狮子山楚王墓双联管形玉构件的功用研究

Study of the Function of the Double-Tube-Shaped Jade Component from the Chu King’s Tomb at Shizishan in Xuzhou

徐州狮子山西汉楚王墓出土了众多精美玉器;因墓葬被盗,扰乱严重,器物出土时多不在原始位置,有诸多特殊的玉器定名与用途尚待研究。其中玉质双联管(狮∶889)器形特殊,体形硕大,工艺精湛,自发表以来备受关注,其功用却尚无定论。笔者认为其应与当前学界所论"笔管";无涉。该玉管的特征更接近战国秦汉之际的复合型器具构件(或称为"部件"),原本可能是以榫卯形式接于其他器具的组合构件。本文拟从该玉器的出土位置、纹饰布局及器形结构逐一分析,探讨该玉质双联管的设计理念与功用。

The double-tube-shaped jade object unearthed from the tomb of the king of Chu at Shizishan in Xuzhou is rather unique in form.Through analysis of its ornamentation pattern,type,and structure,it is inferred that this jade object was likely mounted at the end of the long straight handle through a mortise and tenon structure.The lower end of this jade component was connected to a heart-shaped metal ladle and used to serve a fermented beverage.Its ornamentation and form imply late Warring States Chu cultural characteristics.This kind of ladle was widely used with deep containers during the late Warring States through early Western Han dynasty.