功能锻炼路径护理对老年髋部骨折患者术后肢体功能恢复的影响

Effect of functional exercise pathway nursing on postoperative limb function recovery in elderly patients with hip fracture

目的探讨功能锻炼路径护理对老年髋部骨折患者术后肢体功能恢复的影响。方法选取2018年12月至2020年1月于无锡市第二人民医院行手术治疗的102例老年髋部骨折患者,按入院时间分为对照组(n=51)和观察组(n=51)。对照组患者采用常规护理,观察组患者在常规护理的基础上采用功能锻炼路径护理。比较两组患者的髋关节优良率、术后康复情况、功能锻炼掌握情况和并发症发生率,以及在术前、术后6 h、术后12 h、术后3 d和术后7 d的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分。结果观察组的髋关节优良率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的首次离床站立时间、首次功能锻炼时间均显著早于对照组(P值均<0.05),住院时间显著短于对照组(P<0.05)。术后6 h、12 h、3 d和7 d,两组的VAS评分均显著低于同组术前(P值均<0.05),且观察组均显著低于同期对照组(P值均<0.05)。观察组的功能锻炼掌握率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组间总并发症发生率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论功能锻炼路径护理可提高老年髋部骨折患者的髋关节优良率,减轻术后疼痛,加快其康复进程。

Objective To explore the effect of functional exercise pathway nursing on postoperative limb function recovery in elderly patients with hip fractures.Methods A total of 102 elderly patients with hip fractures who underwent surgical treatment at Wuxi Second People's Hospital from December 2018 to January 2020 were selected and divided into a control group(n=51)and an observation group(n=51)according to the time of admission.The control group was given routine nursing,and the observation group was given functional exercise pathway nursing on the basis of routine nursing.The excellent and good rate of hip joint,postoperative rehabilitation,mastery of functional exercise,complication rate,and scores of visual analog scale(VAS)before operation and 6 hr,12 hr,3 d and 7 d after operation were compared between the two groups.Results The excellent and good rate of hip joint in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The time of first standing out of bed,the time of first functional exercise and the length of hospital stay in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group(all P<0.05).At 6 hr,12 hr,3 d and 7 d after operation,the VAS scores of the two groups were significantly lower than those before operation(all P<0.05),and the scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(all P<0.05).The mastery rate of functional exercise in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the total complication rate between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The functional exercise pathway nursing for elderly patients with hip fractures can increase the excellent and good rate of hip joints,reduce the postoperative pain,and speed up the recovery process.