张口锻炼自我管理对行放射治疗鼻咽癌患者并发症发生率、自我效能和生活质量的影响

Effect of self-management of mouth opening exercise on complication rate,self-efficacy and quality of life in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy

目的探讨张口锻炼自我管理对行放射治疗(简称“放疗”)的鼻咽癌患者并发症发生率、自我效能感和生活质量的影响。方法选取2019年3月至2020年5月福建省肿瘤医院收治的100例行放疗的鼻咽癌患者,采用随机抽签法将其分为对照组和观察组,各50例。对照组患者采用常规护理,观察组患者在常规护理的基础上采用张口锻炼自我管理。比较两组患者的并发症发生率、自我效能感、生活质量和治疗依从性。结果观察组的口腔炎、鼻炎和鼻窦炎、张口困难,以及头晕乏力的发生率均显著低于对照组(P值均<0.05)。干预后,两组的中文版癌症自我管理效能感量表(C-SUPPH)和头颈部肿瘤患者生活质量测定量表(FACT-H&N)的各维度评分均显著高于同组干预前(P值均<0.05),观察组的上述评分均显著高于对照组(P值均<0.05)。观察组的治疗依从率为94.00%,显著高于对照组的72.00%(P<0.05)。结论张口锻炼自我管理可提高行放疗的鼻咽癌患者的自我效能感和生活质量,降低并发症发生率,提高治疗依从性。

Objective To explore the effect of self-management of mouth opening exercise on the complication rate,self-efficacy and quality of life of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy.Methods A total of 100 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who underwent radiotherapy were admitted to Fujian Cancer Hospital from March 2019 to May 2020.By using lottery method,they were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,each with 50 cases.The control group adopted routine nursing,and the observation group adopted self-management of mouth opening exercise on the basis of routine nursing.The complication rate,self-efficacy,quality of life and treatment compliance were compared between the two groups.Results The incidences of stomatitis,rhinitis and sinusitis,having difficulty in mouth opening,and dizziness in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05).After the intervention,the scores of all dimensions of the Chinese version of the strategies used by patients to promote health(C-SUPPH)and the functional assessment of cancer therapy-head and neck(FACT-H&N)were significantly higher than those before the intervention(all P<0.05),and the above scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(all P<0.05).The treatment compliance rate of the observation group was 94.00%,which was significantly higher than 72.00%of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Self-management of mouth opening exercise can improve the self-efficacy and quality of life of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy,reduce the complication rate,and improve the treatment compliance.