5G微中心浸没式液冷方案研究

5G Micro Center Immersion Liquid Cooling Research

5G基站密度远比3G/4G大,一个BBU池化机房可能要集中放置20~40台BBU,但一个机柜15台BBU则总功耗近15 kW,在接入网机房空调能力是难以承受。即使按每个机柜10台BBU计算,机柜内功耗也达7~10 kW以上,可见5G BBU机柜发热功率比4G时代的BBU池化机柜功率大2~3倍,相应地需要空调冷量比4G时代的BBU池化机柜大得多。5G时代覆盖同样片区,BBU数量较4G时代布置的BBU增加多少,从连续覆盖角度来看,5G的基站数量可能是4G的1.5~2倍。把BBU进一步分散确实可以把机柜散热难题降低,但5G时代同一地域需要集中池化的BBU比4G时代还要多,在一个面积紧张、空间狭小的接入网机房内摆很多BBU机柜(比如大于4个)必然要挤占大量机房空间,无疑是不大现实。综上所述,5G基站选址难、5G BBU池普遍采用集中池化部署方案、BBU设备气流组织不合理。造成BBU池化机柜散热面临挑战,亟需考虑创新优化方案,满足使用需求。本研究试点应用浸没式液冷技术解决5G BBU池散热。

The density of 5G base stations is much higher than that of 3G/4G.20~40 BBus may be placed in a BBU pool room,but the total power consumption of 15 BBus in one cabinet is nearly 15 kW,which is unbearable in the access network room.Even if calculated by 10 BBus per cabinet,the internal power consumption of the cabinet is more than 7~10 kW.It can be seen that the heating power of 5g BBU cabinet is 2~3 times higher than that of 4G BBU pool cabinet.Accordingly,the cooling capacity of air conditioning is much larger than that of 4G BBU pool cabinet.The 5G era covers the same area,and the number of BBUs is more than that of the 4G era.From the perspective of continuous coverage,the number of 5G base stations may be 1.5~2 times that of 4G.To sum up,the site selection of 5G base station is difficult,the centralized pool deployment scheme is generally adopted for 5G BBU pool,and the air distribution of BBU equipment is unreasonable.As a result,the heat dissipation of BBU pooled cabinet is facing challenges,so it is urgent to consider innovative optimization schemes to meet the use needs.In this study,submerged liquid cooling technology was applied to solve the heat dissipation of 5g BBU pool.