发达国家脑卒中居家康复现况及对我国的启示

Status of stroke home-based rehabilitation in developed countries and its enlightenment to China

居家康复通常指医疗机构或第三方机构在患者家庭居住地为患者提供残障康复服务。发达国家脑卒中居家康复实践起步较早,在医院延续性服务、居家照顾机构和个案管理方面相对完善。我国脑卒中居家康复存在需求广泛但开展程度低、康复人力资源短缺、医保覆盖政策有待健全的问题。参考发达国家经验,我国可尝试逐步将医院延续性服务通过社区过渡到患者家庭、使居家康复逐步纳入医保和规范个案管理的方式。本文从发达国家脑卒中居家康复现况及对我国的启示、我国脑卒中居家康复现况及痛点问题进行分析和阐述,以期为我国脑卒中居家康复的发展和完善提供参考。

Stroke home-based rehabilitation refers to the disability services which served by medical or third-party institutions in the patients’family.With starting earlier,it has been perfect in hospital continuing services,home health care institutions and case management in developed countries.China has urgent demand but low degree of implementation,shortage of human resources,and imperfect medical insurance policy.By referring to the experience of developed countries,China could gradually transfer continuing services to patients’families with the transition of community,increase medical insurance payment,and standardize case management.This paper analyzes the current situation of home-based rehabilitation of stroke in developed countries and its enlightenment to China,as well as the current situation and deficiencies in China and aimed to provide reference in the field of home-based stroke rehabilitation for the improvement in China.