基于共轭微孔聚合物的二维膜材料构筑及应用

Construction and application of two-dimensional membrane materials based on conjugated microporous polymers

共轭微孔聚合物(CMPs)是典型的多孔有机聚合物,具有丰富的微纳孔和结构可调控性。具有二维结构的CMPs膜材料既保留了CMPs材料的π-共轭骨架和纳米多孔结构,又兼具二维材料优异的可加工性。重点总结了近年来CMPs膜材料的制备方法,包括电化学法、界面聚合法、模板法等;同时介绍了CMPs膜材料在纳滤、分离、抑菌等领域的应用现状;最后指出宏观大尺度CMPs膜的制备技术开发及其微观结构、化学组成与性能调控是未来二维CMPs膜材料的重点发展方向。

Conjugated microporous polymers(CMPs) are typical porous organic polymers with abundant micro/nanopores and structure tunability. CMPs membrane materials with two-dimensional structure retain the π-conjugated framework and nanoporous structure of CMPs materials, and possess excellent machinability of two-dimensional materials. The preparation methods such as template method, interfacial polymerization and electrochemical method of CMPs membrane materials in recent years are reviewed. The applications of CMPs membrane materials in nanofiltration, separation, antibacterial and other fields are also summarized. Finally, it is pointed out that the development on preparation technology of CMPs membrane with large size, and study on their microstructure, chemical composition and property modulation will be the key direction in the future.