纳米技术在嵌合抗原受体T细胞肿瘤免疫治疗中的应用进展

Application progress of nanotechnology in tumor immunotherapy of CAR-T chimeric antigen receptor-modified T

肿瘤免疫治疗主要通过解除免疫抑制作用与增强免疫应答反应来实现对其有效治疗。纳米技术能够提高免疫刺激分子的聚集度与作用力,在完成局部免疫调节的基础上有效治疗癌症。嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)是肿瘤免疫治疗中的一种有力手段,能够对肿瘤患者的T细胞进行转化处理,令其成为可表达嵌合肿瘤细胞表面抗原受体的CAR-T细胞,随后将相应的CAR-T细胞回输至肿瘤患者体内,并通过特异性识别、杀伤肿瘤细胞的方式,有效杀灭肿瘤病毒。将纳米技术应用至CAR-T肿瘤免疫治疗中,有望提高肿瘤免疫治疗的疗效与安全性。本文就纳米技术在CAR-T肿瘤免疫治疗中的应用进展进行综述。

Tumor immunotherapy is mainly through lifting immunosuppression and enhancing immune response to achieve effective treatment.Nanotechnology can improve the aggregation degree and force of immune-stimulating molecules and effectively treat cancer on the basis of completing local immune regulation.The chimeric antigen receptor-modified T(CAR-T)is a powerful means in tumor immunotherapy,it can carry on the transformation of T cells in patients with tumor treatment,become CAR-T cells expressing chimeric tumor cell surface antigen receptors.Afterwards,the corresponding CAR-T cells were back to the body of cancer patients,and the tumor virus was effectively killed by specific recognition and killing tumor cells.The application of nanotechnology in CAR-T tumor immunotherapy is expected to improve the efficacy and safety of tumor immunotherapy.This paper reviewed the application of nanotechnology in the tumors immunotherapy of CAR-T.