电梯曳引机制动装置的设计与实验研究

Design and Experimental Research on Braking Device of Elevator Traction Machine

曳引机制动装置在保障电梯运行安全方面发挥着非常重要的作用。为了提升电梯运行的安全性和可靠性,对曳引机的制动装置的结构进行了优化改进。在介绍传统电梯曳引机鼓式制动装置结构及其工作原理的基础上,分析了手动松闸结构在实际操作时存在的安全隐患问题。在此基础上对手动松闸结构进行优化改进,将一套松闸扳手和转轴改为两套松闸扳手和转轴,同时将松闸转轴截面由矩形改为底边为锐角的等边三角形。采用这种冗余设计显著提升了结构的可靠性。根据制动装置设计方案制作了实验样机,并对其开展了500次的实验工作,发现改进后的手动松闸结构运行可靠、稳定。通过对制动装置的结构优化,使得电梯的安全性得到显著提升,具有重要的实践意义。

The braking device of the traction machine plays a very important role in ensuring the safety of elevator operation.In order to improve the safety and reliability of elevator operation,the structure of the braking device of the traction machine had been optimized and improved.Based on the introduction of the structure and working principle of the drum brake device of the traditional elevator traction machine,the hidden safety problems of the manual brake release structure in actual operation were analyzed.On this basis,the manual brake release structure was optimized and improved,mainly by changing one set of brake release wrench and rotating shaft to two sets of brake releasing wrench and rotating shaft,and at the same time,changing the cross section of the brake releasing shaft from a rectangle to an equilateral bottom with an acute angle triangle.The use of this redundant design significantly improved the reliability of the structure.An experimental prototype was made according to the design scheme of the brake device,and 500 experiments were carried out on it,it was found that the improved manual brake release structure was reliable and stable.By optimizing the structure of the braking device,the safety of the elevator has been significantly improved,which has important practical significance.