尼泊尔马德西族群运动兴起的原因及其影响--基于民族国家构建的视角

The Rise of Madhesh Ethnic Movement in Nepal and its Influence:From the Perspective of Nation-state Building

推动民族认同与国家认同的统一是民族国家构建的首要任务和目标。多民族国家在此过程中需要调和不同族群的关系,使国家能够得到不同民族的认同。尼泊尔自18世纪中期实现国家统一以来,持续的移民活动改变了该国人口和族群结构,在其南部的特莱平原形成了马德西人群体。20世纪50年代开始的构建民族国家的努力演变为对马德西人的系统性歧视和同化,反而增强了这一群体的族群认同,并在内战和外部势力介入的推动下发展成族群运动,改变了国家政治格局,也给尼泊尔的民族国家构建过程增添了不确定性。

Promoting the unity ofethnic identity and national identity is the primary task and goal of nation-state building.In this process,multi-ethnic countries need to reconcile the relationships among different ethnic groups so that the country can be recognized.Since Nepal achieved national unity in the mid-18th century,continuous immigration has changed the country's population and ethnic structure.The Madhesh group has formed in the Terai Plain in the south,and the efforts to build a nation-state since the 1950s have evolved to systematically discriminate and assimilate the Madehsh people.As a result,it strengthened the ethnic identity of this group,and developed into an ethnic movement under the impetus of the civil war and the intervention of external forces,which changed the political pattern of the country and also adds more uncertainty to Nepal's nation-state building process.