论公共数据开放的可信治理

Trusted Governance for Open Public Data

智慧社会时代大规模智能化技术应用,离不开公共数据资源的社会化利用。而现有对公共数据的内部数据治理和外部风险规制,对于公共数据的开放而言,不论是在开放公共数据的可用性还是可追溯性层面上都存在局限。为保障公共数据开放的有序开展,有赖于在公共数据开放的动态化实践中,建立起相应的风险分配机制。通过动态化治理而非静态式规制,为公共数据开放的秩序提供一个可以信赖的制度环境,是形成公共数据持续稳定有序开放的关键。公共数据开放的可信治理,就是对公共数据开放秩序可信环境的塑造与维护。公共数据开放可信治理的规范性架构,可以通过公共数据内在信用基础和开放行为外在信任框架两个方面展开,分别从开放公共数据自身的信用保障和公共数据开放的信任交互关系建立两个层面入手。同时,借助于关键信息基础设施、代码规制方案和算法治理方法三种辅助治理工具的应用,赋予公共数据可信治理框架落实为可信治理行动的能力。

In a smart society characterized by a wide application of AI Technology,opening the public data to the private sectors is indispensable.However,at present,there exist limitations in the method of internal governance of public data and in external risk control.Therefore,it is essential to distribute the risks involved in a dynamic process of opening the public data.The key is to create a system of Trusted Governance so as to provide a trust-worthy institutional environment for a stable and sustainable order for opening the public data.The rule structure for the Trusted Governance can be built internally from the assurance of the credit of open public data,and externally from building the trust in the interactive relationship in the activity of opening the public data.The rule structure can be implemented by resorting to the critical information infrastructure,the code regulation and algorithm governance.