嗅觉功能障碍预测帕金森病患者非运动特征及脑磁共振功能研究进展

Advances in the diagnosis and magnetic resonance imaging of olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease

嗅觉功能障碍是帕金森病(PD)最常见的临床前期非运动症状之一,可早于典型的运动症状数年出现。大约50%~90%的PD患者存在不同程度的嗅觉功能减退或嗅觉缺失。因此,嗅觉功能测试作为PD早期诊断指标的价值得到广泛研究。近年研究表明,嗅觉功能障碍也与PD的其他非运动特征相关,可能成为疾病进展或认知衰退的预测因子。PD患者嗅觉功能改变与脑结构及功能改变密切相关。MRI的脑结构及功能成像是研究PD患者早期嗅觉功能障碍与对应脑结构及功能改变之间关系的重要方法。本文主要对PD嗅觉功能障碍的临床诊断方法和价值,以及PD嗅觉功能相关的MRI研究进展进行综述。

Olfactory dysfunction is one of the most common preclinical non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease(PD),which may occur years before the typical motor symptoms.About 50%~90%of PD patients have some degree of hyposmia or anosmia.Therefore,the value of olfactory function test as an early diagnostic indicator of PD has been widely studied in recent years.Studies have shown that olfactory dysfunction is also associated with other non-motor characteristics of PD and may be a predictor of disease progression or cognitive decline.Changes in olfactory function in PD patients are closely related to changes in brain structure and function.Cerebral structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging are important methods to study the relationship between olfactory dysfunction and corresponding brain structural and functional changes in PD patients at early stage.In this paper,the clinical diagnostic method and value of PD olfactory dysfunction,as well as the progress of PD olfactory function related magnetic resonance research are reviewed.