PEMFC蛇形流道几何结构的多目标优化

Multi-objective Optimization of PEMFC Serpentine Flow Channel Geometry Structure

搭建了一个活化面积50mm×50mm的三蛇形流场的三维质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)单电池模型,并且基于此开发了自动优化程序,避免了重复的几何构建,网格生成和条件设置操作,大幅降低了计算成本。采用基于非支配排序的多目标遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)和数值模拟相结合的方法对PEMFC的流道结构进行优化。NSGA-Ⅱ以电池总功率和额外功耗为目标,针对阴阳极流道高度、流道底部和顶部宽度进行优化。通过优劣解距离法(TOPSIS)从Pareto前沿中选择最优的流道几何结构。结果表明,最优的流道是一种梯形流道,且阴极流道的截面积比阳极更大。在0.6V工作电压下,最优流道结构下PEMFC单电池的总功率相比初始流道提高了7.003%,额外功耗降低了0.62%,且具有更均匀的氧气浓度分布。

A three-dimensional proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)single cell model with an activation area of 50mm×50mm with a triple serpentine flow field is built,and an automatic optimization procedure is developed based on it,which avoids the repetitive operation of geometric construction,grid generation and condition setting and it greatly reduces the calculation cost.The flow channel structure of PEMFC is optimized by a combination of non-dominated sorting based multi-objective genetic algorithm(NSGA-II)and numerical simulation.The PEMFC total power and additional power consumption are the target of NSGA-II algorithm,and the height of the cathode and anode channels,the width of the bottom and top of the channels are the optimized parameters.The optimal channel geometry structure is selected from the Pareto front by the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution(TOPSIS).The results show that the optimal flow channel is a trapezoidal flow channel,and the cross-sectional area of the cathode flow channel is larger than that of the anode.Under the 0.6V operating voltage,the total power of the PEMFC single cell under the optimal flow channel structure is increased by 7.003%compared with the original flow channel,the additional power consumption is reduced by 0.62%,and has a more uniform oxygen concentration distribution.