芬兰教师培养改革的动向、原因与启示

Trends,Reasons and Inspiration of Reform of Teacher Training in Finland

培养学生是一个系统工程,更多地依赖于教师质量的提升。芬兰教师严格的职前培养为建设高质量的教师队伍奠定了坚实的基础,教师对职业的热爱和终身学习能力的提升是其职后发展的原动力,系统化的教师管理文化是芬兰教师培养的成功经验。针对教师专业吸引力下降、特殊专业教师缺乏、学生家庭背景存在差异等问题,芬兰的教师培养正在进行创建“教师教育论坛”、实施《教师教育发展方案》和开展“大舵轮”项目等重要的改革活动。在系统观视阈下审视芬兰教师培养及其改革,可以为我国教师质量提升提供借鉴。提高教师的地位和质量标准、构建完善的幼小中教师培养体系,以及解决教师培养面临的新问题,是提高教师质量的切入点。

Training students is a systematic project,which depends more on the improvement of teachers'quality.The strict pre service training of Finnish teachers has laid a solid foundation for building a high-quality teacher team.Teachers'love for career and the improvement of lifelong learning ability are the driving force of their post service development.The systematic teacher management culture is the successful experience of Finnish teacher training.In view of the decline of teachers'professional attraction,the lack of special professional teachers and the differences in students'family backgrounds,Finland's teacher training is carrying out important reform activities such as the creation of"Teacher Education Forum",the implementation of"Teacher Education Development Program"and the"Big Wheel Program Reform".Examining Finnish teacher training and its reform from the perspective of system view can provide reference for the improvement of teacher quality in China.Improving the status and quality standards of teachers,constructing a perfect training system for young and middle school teachers,and solving the new problems faced by teacher training are the entry points to improve the quality of teachers.