口服营养补充在肿瘤患者中的临床应用进展

The clinical application progress of oral nutritional supplementation in cancer patients

肿瘤严重危害人类的生命健康,肿瘤患者自身的营养状态与肿瘤疾病的各种临床结局密切相关。由于情绪、肿瘤本身以及抗肿瘤治疗等多重因素,容易导致肿瘤患者摄入不足,存在营养风险,进而可能发生营养不良,因此对于肿瘤患者需要科学的营养治疗。口服营养补充(ONS)作为肠内营养的一种方法,是肿瘤患者最易行、最方便的医学营养治疗方式,且具有较高等级的证据支持,已被多项指南推荐为肿瘤患者肠内营养的首选应用途径。ONS是肿瘤患者营养干预重要的方式之一,无论患者处于肿瘤围手术期、放化疗期间以及恶液质或肿瘤终末期等任何肿瘤的疾病阶段,ONS均适用于营养摄入不达标的患者。选择科学合理的制剂,适当的服用方法,坚持不懈,必定能发挥改善患者的营养状态、帮助患者更好地完成抗肿瘤治疗、减少并发症、提高肿瘤患者的生活质量、优化卫生经济学指标等作用。本文将围绕ONS在肿瘤患者中的临床应用进展进行综述。

Tumor seriously endangers human life and health.The nutritional status of tumor patients is closely related to various clinical outcomes of tumor diseases.Due to multiple factors such as emotion,tumor itself and anti⁃tumor treatment,it is easy to lead to insufficient intake of tumor patients,nutritional risk,and then malnutrition.Therefore,scientific nutritional treatment is needed for tumor patients.Oral nutritional supplements(ONS),as a method of enteral nutrition,it is the most feasible and convenient medical nutrition treatment for tumor patients,and has high⁃level evidence support.It has been recommended as the preferred application way of enteral nutrition for tumor patients by many guidelines.ONS is one of the important ways of nutritional intervention for cancer patients.Whether the patient is in the perioperative period,during radiotherapy and chemotherapy,and any tumor disease stage such as cachexia or end⁃stage tumor,ONS is suitable for patients with substandard nutritional intake.Choosing scientific and reasonable preparations,appropriate taking methods and perseverance will certainly play a role in improving the nutritional status of patients,helping patients better complete anti⁃tumor treatment,reducing complications,improving the quality of life of tumor patients and optimizing health economic indicators.This paper will review the progress of clinical application of ONS in tumor patients.