高龄2型糖尿病患者并发心血管疾病的危险因素分析

Analysis of Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

目的探讨高龄2型糖尿病患者并发心血管疾病(CVD)的危险因素。方法选取2019年12月—2021年6月该院收治的71例2型糖尿病并发CVD高龄患者为研究组,另选取71例2型糖尿病未并发CVD患者为对照组,对比两组患者一般资料、实验室检查指标,并通过多元Logistic回归分析法明确2型糖尿病并发CVD的危险因素。结果研究组糖尿病病程、体质指数(BMI)、吸烟年限均大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹血糖值(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖值(2 hPG)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组载脂蛋白A(ApoA)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,HbA1c水平、糖尿病病程、吸烟年限是2型糖尿病并发CVD的独立危险因素。结论 2型糖尿病并发CVD概率较高,尤其是HbA1c指标控制欠佳、糖尿病病程长、吸烟年限长会显著增加心血管病风险。

Objective To explore the risk factors of cardiovascular disease(CVD) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods 71 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and CVD admitted to the hospital from December 2019 to June 2021 were selected as the study group, and 71 patients with type 2 diabetes without CVD were selected as the control group. The general information and laboratory test indicators of the two groups of patients were compared, and the risk factors of type 2 diabetes complicated by CVD were determined through multiple Logistic regression analysis. Results The course of diabetes,body mass index(BMI), and smoking years in the study group were greater than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05);the study group’s triglycerides(TG), total cholesterol(TC), glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1 c), and fasting blood glucose(FPG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose(2 hPG), fibrinogen(FIB) were higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05);the study group apolipoprotein A(ApoA), high-density lipoprotein(HDL-C) were lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that HbA1 c level, duration of diabetes, and smoking years were independent risk factors for type 2 diabetes complicated with CVD. Conclusion Type 2 diabetes has a high probability of CVD, especially poor control of HbA1 c indicators, long duration of diabetes, and long smoking years will significantly increase the risk ofcardiovascular disease.