护理干预对妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖控制的影响

The Effect of Nursing Intervention on Blood Glucose Control in Patients with Gestational Diabetes

目的探讨护理干预对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者血糖控制的影响。方法选取2018年1月—2020年7月龙海市中医院妇产科妊娠期糖尿病患者80例,随机分为对照组(40例)、观察组(40例),分别开展常规护理、优质护理,分析两组患者的血糖情况(空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白)、护理满意度情况及不良事件发生率。结果经干预后,研究组患者的护理总满意度达90.0%(36/40),高于对照组的72.5%(29/40),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组患者护理后,空腹血糖为(5.31±1.33)mmol/L,餐后2 h血糖为(7.28±1.83)mmol/L明显低于对照组空腹血糖(6.83±1.34)mmol/L,餐后2 h血糖(8.73±1.83)mmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组糖化血红蛋白水平对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组早产、妊高症、羊水过多等不良事件发生率为12.5%,低于对照组的35.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组新生儿发生窘迫、窒息、低血糖、黄疸的概率(5.0%)较对照组(25.0%)低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论优质护理干预可同步改善妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖控制水平并提升护理满意度,减少不良事件的发生,有效降低新生儿不良结局。

Objective To explore and discuss the effect of nursing intervention on blood glucose control in patients with gestational diabetes(GDM). Methods From January 2018 to July 2020, 80 patients with gestational diabetes in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Longhai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital were selected and randomly divided into the control group(40 cases) and the observation group(40 cases) to carry out routine care and high-quality care respectively.The blood glucose status(fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin), nursing satisfaction and adverse event rates of the two groups were analyzed. Results After intervention, the patients in the study group of the total nursing satisfaction reached 90.0%(36/40), higher than 72.5%(29/40) in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);After nursing, the fasting blood glucose of the study group was(5.31±1.33)mmol/L, and the2 h postprandial blood glucose was(7.28±1.83)mmol/L, which was significantly lower than the fasting blood glucose of the control group(6.83±1.34)mmol/L, 2 h postprandial blood glucose(8.73±1.83)mmol/L, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the two groups of glycosylated hemoglobin levels were compared, the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05);the study group was premature, the incidence of adverse events such as pregnancy-induced hypertension and polyhydramnios was 12.5%, which was lower than 35.0% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The incidence of neonatal distress, asphyxia, hypoglycemia, and jaundice in the study group(5.0%)was lower than that in the control group(25.0%), and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion High-quality nursing intervention can simultaneously improve the level of blood glucose control in patients with gestational diabetes, increase nursing satisfaction, reduce the occurrence of adverse events, and effectively reduce adverse neonatal outcomes.