74株小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌病原学特征分析

Analysis of the etiological characteristics of 74 Yersinia enterocolitica strains

为了解扬州地区小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌病原学特征和分布规律,2018—2019年采集腹泻患者粪便、家畜家禽粪便、苍蝇标本及生猪屠宰场组织标本等,共计1786份,并进行小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌分离培养,对分离得到的菌株进行生化鉴定、血清分型、生物分型和毒力基因检测。结果表明:监测的1786份标本中共检出74株小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌,总检出率为4.14%(74/1786),其中猪粪的检出率最高,为10.63%(54/508),其次是生猪屠宰场标本、苍蝇和鸭粪,检出率依次为5.00%(15/300)、3.09%(3/97)和1.41%(2/142),不同类型标本的阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=98.83,P<0.05)。在致病性检出株中,猪粪检出株占总致病性菌株的88.46%(23/26),血清型/生物型主要为O:3/3型,毒力基因以ail^(+)、ystA^(+)、ystB^(-)、yadA^(+)和virF^(+)型为主,占总致病性基因型菌株的88.46%(23/26)。这一研究提示,扬州地区存在致病性小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌,猪是主要带菌宿主,应重点关注生猪饲养、运输及屠宰加工环节该菌的防控。

To investigate the pathogenic characteristics and distribution of Yersinia enterocolitica in Yangzhou area,a total of 1786 samples,including fecal specimens from diarrhea patients,poultry and livestock,as well as flies and pig tissue samples from 2 local pig slaughterhouses,were collected for isolation and culture from 2018 to 2019.All the isolated strains were tested for biochemical identification,serotyping,biotyping,and virulence genes.The results showed that 74 strains of Y.enterocolitica were detected from 1786 samples,with the total detection rate of 4.14%.The highest detection rate of swine feces was 10.63%,while the detection rate of pig slaughterhouses,flies and duke feces was 5.00%(15/300),3.09%(3/97)and 1.41%(2/142),respectively.The detection rate from all kinds of samples was significantly different(χ^(2)=98.83,P<0.05).Among the pathogenic strains,88.46%(23/26)of the total pathogenic strains were detected from pig feces,and the pathogenic bioserotype was mainly O:3/3.The virulence genes of pathogenic strains were mainly(ail^(+),ystA^(+),ystB^(-),yadA^(+),virF^(+)),accounting for 88.46%(23/26)of the total pathogenic genotypes strains.The data indicated that pathogenic strains of Y.enterocolitica do exist in Yangzhou area with pig as the primary reservoir,and more attention should be paid in pig farming,transportation and slaughtering processes.