社会网络对流动人口社会融入的影响——基于中国劳动力动态调查的实证分析

The Impact of Social Network on Social Inclusion of the Floating Population:An Empirical Analysis Based on China Labor-force Dynamic Survey

基于2014~2016年中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)数据,运用经典线性回归(OLS)和广义倾向得分匹配法(GPS)系统考察社会网络对流动人口社会融入的影响。研究发现,提升社会网络规模总体有助于促进流动人口的社会融入。但是随着社会网络的扩展,其对流动人口社会融入的正面作用逐渐下降,流动人口社会网络结构的同质性与维系成本是该现象的主要潜在原因。异质性分析结果表明,社会网络对第一代和低人力资本流动人口的社会融入有更大的正向影响;相比经济融入,社会网络的正面作用更多体现在对行为融入和心理融入维度的支持。因此,相关政策制定应当关注扩展流动人口社会网络的针对性和异质性,以此帮助提升其社会融入水平。

Based on the data from 2014~2016 China Labor-force Dynamic Survey(CLDS), this paper estimates the association between the social network and social inclusion of the floating population by the method of ordinary least square(OLS) and the generalized propensity score(GPS). Results indicate that social network has positive impacts on social inclusion as an inverted "U" shape, which means the positive impacts on the social inclusion is gradually decline with the expansion of the social network because of the homogeneity and high density of social network structure, and the high cost of relation maintaining. The results of heterogeneity analysis show that social network has a relatively greater positive effect on the social inclusion of the older generation and the floating population with lower human capital level. Specifically, the social network plays a more important role in the behavioral inclusion and psychological inclusion rather than in economical inclusion. Therefore, the policy promoting the social inclusion should consider the pertinence and heterogeneity of the social network of the floating population.