半干旱区4种人工林植被的水文功能特征

Hydrological Function of Four Kinds of Plantation Vegetation in Semi-arid Region

以内蒙古林科院树木园4种人工林(华北落叶松、油松、杨树和锦鸡儿)为研究对象,从林冠层、枯落物层和土壤层等方面分析了4种人工林植被的水文功能。研究结果表明:整个生长季4种植被的林冠截留率为油松林(28.67%)>杨树林(26.00%)>锦鸡儿林(20.42%)>华北落叶松林(18.82%);不同人工林植被枯落物最大持水深差别较大,以杨树林(6.68 mm)最大,油松林(3.67 mm)次之,锦鸡儿林(2.84 mm)和华北落叶松林(2.79 mm)最小;土壤最大贮水深表现为华北落叶松林(572.50 mm)>油松林(483.54 mm)>锦鸡儿林(459.24 mm)>杨树林(439.77 mm),土壤有效贮水深为杨树林(152.94 mm)>华北落叶松林(134.08 mm)>锦鸡儿林(131.23 mm)>油松林(81.57 mm)。综合来看,林地的水源涵养功能以土壤层为主,4种人工林植被的林地总蓄水能力为华北落叶松林>油松林>锦鸡儿林>杨树林。

Taking four kinds of plantation in Arboretum of Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry as research object,the hydrological function of four kinds of plantation vegetation were analyzed on forest canopy,litter layer and soil layer.The results showed that the canopy interception rate was Pinus tabuliformis forest(28.67%)>Populus forest(26.00%)>Caragana forest(20.42%)>Larix principis-rupprechtii forest(18.82%)during the whole growing season.There was great difference for the maximum water-holding capacity of litter among four plantations,with the maximum value(6.68 mm)in Populus forest,followed by Pinus tabuliformis forest(3.67 mm),Caragana forest(2.84 mm)and Larix principis-rupprechtii forest(2.79 mm).The maximum water-holding capacity of soil was Larix principis-rupprechtii forest(572.50 mm)>Pinus tabuliformis forest(483.54 mm)>Caragana forest(459.24 mm)>Populus forest(439.77 mm),and the effective water-holding capacity of soil was Populus forest(152.94 mm)>Larix principis-rupprechtii forest(134.08 mm)>Caragana forest(131.23 mm)>Pinus tabuliformis forest(81.57 mm).Overall,the water conservation function of forest land was dominated by soil layer,and the total water storage capacity was in a range of Larix principis-rupprechtii forest>Pinus tabuliformis forest>Caragana forest>Populus forest.