有氧和力量同期训练的干扰效应及可能机制

Interference Effects of Concurrent Aerobic and Strength Training and Its Possible Mechanism

对干扰效应及可能的机制进行了整理,认为同期训练主要对肌肉爆发力存在干扰效应,对有氧能力影响较小。干扰效应的存在和程度受到了受试者以及训练变量等多种因素的影响。干扰效应可能的机制在宏观上主要有过度训练假说、急性反应假说和长期适应假说;在微观机制上主要有分子干扰假说、AMPK-Akt开关假说和分子适应假说。大部分学说由于实验设计上的差异,还需要进一步论证。未来研究重点应尽量控制无关变量,以减少其他因素的影响。

This study summarized the above mentioned interference effects and discussed the possible mechanisms.The interference effects of concurrent training are mainly on muscle power,but not on aerobic ability.The existence and degree of the interference are decided by multiple factors including subjects and training variables.The possible mechanisms of interference effects mainly includes overtraining hypothesis,acute effects hypothesis and chronic adaptations hypothesis from the macro level;on the micro level,the main mechanisms are molecular interference hypothesis,AMPK-Akt switching hypothesis and molecular adaptations hypothesis.Most of these hypotheses are needed to be further research due to the differences in experimental design,and one of the most important issues in further studies is the control of irrelevant variables.