基于技术扩散视角的世界女子足球成绩提升研究

Research on the Growth of InternationalWomen’s Football Performance:From the Perspective of Technology Diffusion

基于足球技术扩散的视角探讨世界女子足球成绩提升的途径,使用2003—2020年的各国/地区数据,结合OLS估计方法、工具变量法和Heckman样本选择法进行实证检验。结果发现:1)存在各国/地区女子足球的成绩向本国/地区男子足球成绩条件收敛的现象,但是不存在各国/地区之间女足成绩的σ收敛、世界范围内的绝对收敛或者大洲范围内的俱乐部收敛现象;2)一国/地区的男子足球的成绩越好、性别平等程度越高,女子足球的成绩也越好。研究表明,足球技术从本国/地区男子足球向女子足球的跨性别扩散是女子足球实现技术进步的主要途径,但是技术从国外向国内的跨国扩散不是主要途径,且技术进步空间和技术吸收能力是女子足球成绩的显著影响因素。

This paper studies the growth of international women’s football performance based on the perspective of football technology diffusion.A convergence analysis is carried out by using a country-level data from 2003 to 2020 combined with OLS method,instrumental variable method and Heckman sample selection method.The empirical study results show that there is a conditional convergence between the performance of women’s football and that of men’s within a country.However,there is no evidence of internationalσconvergence,worldwide unconditional convergence or club convergence within a continental confederation.Furthermore,in one country,the better the performance of the men’s football is,the higher gender equality the country has,the better the performance of women’s football is.Therefore,the technology progress of women’s football mainly depends on a mechanism of cross gender diffusion in which women’s football technology transfers from domestic men’s football,rather than a mechanism of international diffusion in which women’s football technology comes from abroad.Technology progress space and absorptive capacity are important factors that significantly affect women’s football performance.The conclusions of this paper provide enlightenment for explaining the current pattern of international women’s football competition and the future development of China’s women’s football.