基于组合赋权的节水型用水器具适用性评价方法

Combined weighting method-based evaluation on applicability of water-saving water use appliance

为综合评价家庭用水器具的适用性,从节水性能、居民收入水平、支付意愿、政策支持四方面建立用水器具评价指标体系。基于问卷调查获取评价指标值,采用AHP、熵权法以及两者组合赋权分析确定各评价指标的权重、计算分值,从而构建用水器具适用性综合评价指标体系。最后对沙坡头区市场主流品牌坐便器进行综合评分,层次分析法得出评价结果相对较大,熵权法相对较小,组合赋权法介于两者之间,相对客观和符合实际。组合赋权法计算的综合评价值在46.92~83.90之间,值越大产品的适用性越好,综合评价值大于70有品牌2、品牌3和品牌1;综合评价值在60~70之间有品牌4、品牌13、品牌5、品牌6;剩余的其他品牌的综合评价值均小于等于60。节水型用水器具的适用性评价是运用国家和地方标准对用水器具发挥效果的综合评定,是对产品在使用时符合或满足用户需求程度的评价。节水型用水器具的适用性具有相对性和局限性,适用性评价有助于分析和了解影响节水器具推广的制约因素,研究制定针对性推广政策,为推广节水型用水器具、引导居民科学选购提供参考。

In order to comprehensively evaluate the applicability of household water use appliance, an evaluation index system for the water use appliance is established from four aspects, i.e. water-saving performance, resident income level, willingness-to-pay and policy support. Based on the values of the evaluation indexes obtained from the relevant questionnaire investigation, the weights and calculation scores of all the evaluation indexes are determined with AHP, entropy weight method and the combined weighting analysis on both of them, and then a comprehensive evaluation index system for the water use appliance is built up. Finally, a composite scoring is made on the toilet bowls of the mainstream brands sold in the market of Shapotou District, from which the evaluation results show that the result from analytic hierarchy process is relatively large, the result from the entropy method is relatively small and the result from the combined weighting method is between both of them and relatively objective and practical. The value of the comprehensive evaluation calculated by the combined weighting method is between 46.92 and 83.90. The larger the value is, the better the applicability of the product;the brands with the comprehensive evaluation values above 70 are brand 2, brand 3 and brand 1, while the brands with the comprehensive evaluation values between 60 and 70 are brand 4, brand 13, brand 5 and brand 6. The comprehensive evaluation values of the other residual brands are all less than or equal to 60. The evaluation of the applicability of the water use appliance is a comprehensive evaluation on the effect played by the water appliance made according to the relevant national and local technical standards, which is an evaluation on the degree of coinciding with or meeting the demand of user during the use of the product. The applicability of the water-saving water use appliance has certain relativity and limitation, and the evaluation of the applicability is helpful to analyze and understand the factors that restrict the promotion of water-saving water use appliance and study the formulation of the relevant targeted promotion policy for providing the references for promoting the use of water-saving water use appliance and guiding residents to buy them scientifically.